Capital Punishment Essays (1335 words) - Human Rights, Penology

Capital Punishment Patricia A. Stegall Philosophy 40, Ethics May 6, 1998 The Case for Capital Punishment Society, in general, agrees that the taking of an innocent life is an unforgivable act, and that the rape of children is particularly heinous. I will argue that all persons convicted of the crime of murder or the rape of a child under ten years of age should be given a manditory death penalty. Capital punishment is not only justifiable but is morally correct and should be the mandatory sentence for such crimes once an individual is found guilty. It would be neither unjust nor immoral to execute such an individual. It is not logical or rational to believe that a person raised in our society does not know that the crimes of murder or the rape of a child will not be tolerated. Regardless of an individual's background or socio-economic status, individual choices lead to results that carry personal responsibility. It is inappropriate to make excuses for these criminals simply because they were not reared in well-to-do circumstances. neglected, or perhaps suffered abuse as a child. None of these forced them to make the choice to commit the crime. As stated by Ernest van den Haag, by committing the crime, the criminal volunteered to assume the risk. (1)If an individual commits the crime of murder, or rapes a child, that person has forfeited any moral right to continue to live, ev en if imprisoned for life. Their victim had no choice and no chance to live a fruitful, productive life. Why should society be required to pay the costs associated with imprisonment? A society, which values the lives of its citizens, has the right to exercise capital punishment for those who have been convicted after due process of law. The U.S. Constitution provides for punishment of capital crimes so there is certainly no trouble with it in the law. However, some of the most impassioned arguments against capital punishment are the possibility of convicting the wrong person, and discriminatory application of the law. Abolitionists also argue that we should base on justice system on reform and rehabilitation. First, the possibility of convicting an innocent person is often cited as an argument that the death penalty is unjust. One Internet source indicates that 350 people were wrongly convicted of homicide or capital rape from 1900- 1985. (2) (It should be noted that the article does not specify how many of these individuals were later released.) In our text, Ernest van den Haag refers to a study conducted by Hugo Bedau that found that of 7000 executions during that same period, only 25 were purportedly innocent. (Ibid. p.286) The execution of an innocent person appears much less a risk than the risk that a person guilty of this type of violence would repeat the crime. Criminals kill people knowing that they will live and either spend the rest of their lives in prison or get out in 10 to 20 years. Consistent application of the capital punishment laws would have a deterrent effect on some potential murderers if not all. While states that do carry death penalty provisions significantly outn umber those that do not, there appears to be a certain reluctance to apply the laws. As a result, many violent criminals no longer fear the court system. Further, capital punishment laws have undergone many decades of review by the highest courts in the country and are anything but capriciously imposed. A further argument against the innocent are convicted is found in a review of the extensive appeal system that has been mandated by the courts that may take as much as fourteen years to complete. Even if this were a legitimate concern, the chances of an innocent person being wrongly convicted are very slim. The second argument, discriminatory application holds that a disproportional number of non-whites receive the death penalty upon conviction, in particular, a black convicted of murdering a white. This is really an argument against a flawed justice system that favors one class of citizen's over another. Unequal distribution among the guilty is irrelevant to the morality of the punishment. The system is far from perfect but can be improved. In the past, women were much less likely to be

More than 20 words for snow - Emphasis

More than 20 words for snow More than 20 words for snow Here in the southeast snow all-but brought normal business life to a standstill yesterday. And its not much better today. Here in Emphasis towers were made of sterner stuff: it takes more than a few snowflakes to deter us from our vital work of showing people how to write better business documents. Like everyone else though, we have snow on the brain at the moment particularly as our boiler broke down two weeks ago. (Weve all been sitting around in hats and scarves ever since, waiting for the heating engineer to return with the right bits to mend it.) As everyone knows, the Eskimos have more than a dozen words for snow. Or is that just an urban myth? Weve broken out our grammatical snow shovels and have been doing a bit of digging to get to the bottom of the story. It seems it might be true after all too. According to Professor Anthony Woodbury of the University of Texas at Austin, there are in fact at least 15 different word groups for snow in the Yupik Eskimo language, as you can read here. Thats not as amazing as it sounds, though. In English, he counted 22. Why so many? Well the Eskimo list is bulked up by words for snow formations and meteorological terms such as pirta which means snowstorm. It includes words for which we have no equivalent, such as qanisqineq meaning snow floating on water. But the English list includes words like flurry, dusting and blizzard, as well as words weve adopted from French such as cornice and avalanche. So now you know.

How Might Inclusive Special Education be Developed in a United Kingdom Essay

How Might Inclusive Special Education be Developed in a United Kingdom School - Essay Example Inclusion exercises the right of each individual to an apt and proficient education in a mainstream educational facility. The implication of this cause states that children who are born with physical or cognitive abilities, if mentally capable, must not be regarded as an exception to receive the same level of education other children are receiving. It also encourages values among children, in terms of respect and support towards their peers and the community. Scholars believe that an environment that promotes fewer restrictions allows students to greater exposure in interacting with diverse individuals (Farrell 2001). This allows for a more equitable environment where SEN or students with Special Education Needs would be able to receive the same education as other children. This type of setting encourages everyone, regardless of impairment, to operate and learn through the same educational perspective. Inclusive education is not only beneficial for special education students, but for other students as well. Belonging to a diverse class would enable students to interact, understand and construct relationships with peers who are different from them. This removes the notion of discrimination as per usual means of segregations in classrooms, in terms of intellectual capabilities (Lindsay 2003). A school that follows a special education environment employs an instruction that involves techniques and exercises specific for students whose learning needs are not in coherence with the standard school curriculum. The United Kingdom government has mandated laws that discourage the utilization of special school; instead, focus on the concept of inclusion. This form of education acknowledges each individual's right to fairness and society practises its responsibility of supporting those who have special needs, in their best interest (Mitchell 2005). Nature of an Inclusive Environment The effectiveness of inclusion is not only dependent on special education students, but various groups in the community should also partake in making inclusive education efficient. These are parents, teachers, support staff, instructors and whole general population. There are various concerns regarding inclusive education, one of which is that most parents of mainstream students feel that their child's growth will be limited when the class teacher would have to tend to those who are impaired. Mainstream students are those who participate in the prevailing values and practises in society, as opposed to SEN students (Pather 2007). On the contrary, the parent of a special education child might feel that her child would not be provided the extra attention and care that her child requires in a general mainstream education. There is also a possibility that the children would feel a sense of belongingness once accepted by peers, or would be a cast away if the inclusion isn't effective (Avramidis 2003). The nature of inclusion reduces the level of exclusion in mainstream classrooms, and engages the reduction of barriers in participation and education. It encompasses education of all levels, from preschool, elementary, high school, colleges and universities. The Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education asserts that others have a tendency to necessitate more support from their peers, which stakeholders must support (Lieber et al

Case study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case study - Assignment Example e liable to pay capital gains tax on the sale value if the price at which he sells is higher than the market price of the shares on the date he inherited them. If the total gain is less than  £ 10,000, no tax is payable and of course, sale at a lower price also does not attract tax (HMRC, 2012). 3. Critical Illness Cover pays out a lump sum amount when a specified illness occurs, which for Kyle’s mother was a minor stroke. Once the claim amount is paid, the coverage ceases and she is not entitled to any other payments from the insurance company. A Permanent Health Insurance (PHI) policy would have paid her up to 65% of her pre-tax earnings until her normal date of retirement which is 65 years of age (Conner, 2013). When Kyle’s mother first considered insurance, the PHI policy would have been a better choice as it would have covered any medical condition that prevented her from working whereas the Critical Illness Policy would have covered only a specified list of ailments. Since a medical condition that prevents work could occur at any age, the PHI policy would have paid her money each year until her scheduled retirement age (Bevis, 2009). For Kyle’s mother, the question now is whether the  £ 68,000 lump sum she received from her Critical Illness policy at the age 59 is better than 65% of her earnings for 6 years that she would have received with the PHI policy. This question can be resolved by finding out the yearly payments a PHI policy would need to make for 6 years that would equal the present value of the lump sum she received. The interest rate is assumed as 5%. The calculation is made in the table below and shows that an annual payment of  £ 13,397.19 for 6 years from the PHI policy would have the present value that equals the lump sum of  £ 68,000. To get these annual payments, the mother’s annual salary when she had the stroke should have been  £ 20,611.06. 4. Kyle and Helen need to make a personal financial plan to meet both

Sierra Leone and Equatorial Guinea Leadership Analysis

Sierra Leone and Equatorial Guinea Leadership Analysis This paper analyses the impact of poor leadership in Sierra Leone, and Equatorial Guinea. Africa is the world’s richest continent in terms of natural resource endowment. Africa contains 50% of the world deposit in Gold, 90% of cobalt, 65% of Manganese, 40% hydroelectric power, millions of acres of land, chromium, and diamonds (Rotberg, 34). However, despite the availability of these natural resources, the African continent is still lagging behind in terms of development. People are poor, and most governments depend on aid for purposes of meeting their budget deficits (Rotberg, 51). It is important to understand that Africa has millions of talented and skilled innovators, but due to poor leadership, states are unable to hold unto these talents and retain them for purposes of utilizing them. Some people blame the problems of Africa to imperialism, and colonialism. According to scholars, colonialism played a significant role in advancing the problems of Africa. For instance, Rotb erg (27) gives an example of Congo, whereby the Belgium’s left the country without preparing its leaders for independence. As a result of this, Congo is a country that is characterized by infighting, corruption, and struggle for leadership. However, these allegations are not true, as denoted by Rotberg (27). Shaw (274) denotes that countries such as India, the United States, and even South Africa were under colonialism. However, these countries have developed economies, and some such as United States is the most powerful and richest country in the world. On this basis, the problems of Africa are associated with its poor leadership style. This is witnessed in all of Africa, including Kenya, under President Moi, Uganda, under president Idi Amin, Sudan, under president Omar el Bashir, Nigeria, under successive military leaderships.. Equatorial Guinea is led by President Teodoro Obiang Mbasogo. This leader is the longest serving President in Africa, having taken power in August 1979, in a bloody coup, against his uncle Francisco Nguema. Equatorial Guinea is found in West Africa, and it is one of Africa’s largest producers of oil (Lewis, 28). In as much as Equatorial Guinea has one of the highest per capita income in the world, most citizens of this country are living poverty, they die of preventable diseases such as malaria, are unable to access basic services such as education, health care, clean drinking water. Equatorial Guinea has the highest child mortality rates who are under 5 years, in the world. This is because 20% of their children die before reaching the ages of five years. The remaining 80% of these children do not have an access of quality health care, and educational facilities. The problems of Equatorial Guinea are blamed on the leadership style of the President Teodoro Obiang Mbasogo (Lewis , 18). For example, President Teodorin Mbasogo is accused of practicing nepotism while employing senior members of his cabinet and state officials. For example, in the years 2013, President Obiang appointed his eldest son, Teodorin Obiang to a cabinet position, and as the second vice president of the state. This is for purposes of preparing his son as his successor, once the president leaves power. Teodorin Obiang is always accused of embezzling millions of dollars of state money, in order to fund his own lavish lifestyle (Solo-Trillo, 139). Teodorin Obiang has been a controversial figure in Equatorial Guinea, and attracting international criticism for spending more than ten million South African rands, on a South African trip that included champagne parties, property renovations, and buying of cars. Scholars believe that the personal fortune of Teodorin Nguema emanates from his corrupt activities connected with gas and oil exploration in Equatorial Guinea (Solo-Trillo, 140). Lewis (37) denotes that the foreign interests of Teodorin Nguema includes two luxurious houses in South Africa, which have a combined value of 50,000,000 South African rands, and house in California estimated to be worth 31,000,000 United States dollars, a home in Paris, and a music recording label. Mr. Teodorin Nguema also has a series of luxurios cars, and in 2008, he bought a sports car estimated at 1,100,000 million euros (Solo-Trillo, 138). Others include a Maserati model estimated at 700,000 euros, and a Bugatti Veyron model (Lewis, 33). However, in the year 2009, the government of France seized these cars, together with his other collections because of corruption claims, and in 2013, these cars were sold on an auction. The US government also seized properties belonging to the President and that of its sons, estimated to be valued at 70 million US dollars. In 2012, the United States issued a warrant of arrest against Teodorin Nguema on charges of corruption, and money laundering. The luxurious lifestyle of Teodorin Nguema did not reflect the salary that he was earning as a state minister (Solo-Trillo, 139). The cabinet of President Teodorin also receives billions of undisclosed oil revenues, which normally goes to finance their luxurious lifestyle. In a bid to prevent such kind of information from reaching the public, the government of President Teodorin Mbasogo constantly harasses the media, and foreign nationals seeking to report on the conditions of Equatorial Guinea (Solo-Trillo, 133). Despite these allegations and accusations against Teodirin Nguema, president Nguema government defended him against them, and even appointed him as the second vice president of Equatorial Guinea, and a possible successor of his father. Other family members holding positions in Guinea include, Gabriel Mbaga, who is another son of the president, and he is the minister in charge of energy and oil, and Candido Okomo who heads GEPetrol, the official oil company in Equatorial Guinea (Solo-Trillo, 131). It is important to understand that corruption plays a great role in undermining development within a given state. This is because the funds that could be channeled to development projects, are misused and stolen, as a result, there won’t be any money to fund the development projects in the country. It is important to denote that because of nepotism in government appointments, senior officials in the government of President Teodorin are not accountable for their activities (Solo-Trillo, 132). This is because they know that in case they do not deliver, or are engaged in corrupt activities, their patrons, who are high in the government circles, will protect them. Nepotism and corruption are not the only problem affecting Equatorial Guinea. Another major problem affecting this country is lack of a free press. Local journalists in Equatorial Guinea are unable to speak against major scandals and corrupt activities in the country (Solo-Trillo, 125). This is because the press and the media are heavily censored, and there is always a risk of reprisal in case the media highlights an issue that does not augur well with the government. It is further important to understand that the local media in Equatorial Guinea are always owned by people closer to the President, and on this basis, it is always difficult for them to criticize the policies that the President enacts. Scholar denotes that without free flow of information, it is very difficult for a state to achieve economic, political as well as social development. This is because with availability of information, public officials within a given state will be held accountable for their actions, as well as a free and an independent media will promote democracy (Solo-Trillo, 127). It is important to denote that democratic countries are characterized by economic growth and development. Furthermore, the judicial system of the country is not independent, as the President is considered as the Chief Magistrate. He oversees a body that is responsible for appointing and dismissing judges, and on this basis, the President cannot be held accountable for his actions (Solo-Trillo, 129). This promotes corruption and lack of accountability amongst senior government officials, and on this basis, Equatorial Guinea lacks behind in terms of development. Another country that has been faced with poor leadership system is Sierra Leone. After approximately 10 years of the civil war in Sierra Leone, the government and the people of Sierra Leone still face a wide variety of challenges, and this includes widespread poverty, weak governance, and systematic corruption (Shaw, 272). The anti-corruption institutions established in Sierra Leone do not have enough resources such as skilled workers to tackle the problems associated with corruption in Sierra Leone. With the peaceful elections of 2007, there are some positive developments in Sierra Leone in regard to fighting corruption and weak governance in the country. The new government established in 2007 has been able to strengthen the capabilities of the country’s anti-corruption commission, and its ability to prosecute high level corruption cases (Shaw, 279). The country also boosts of an independent media that is free from government regulation and censorship. The country also benefi ts from a good international image, with an increase in international investors within the country. However, it is important to denote that the road to political stability and economic development in Sierra Leone has not been easy. This is because since independence the political leadership in Sierra Leone was characterized by corruption, nepotism, a weak social society, electoral violence, and a collapse of the country’s education system (Shaw, 281). It is important to understand that Sierra Leone gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1961. It is important to understand that during the first four years after independence, Sierra Leone under the leadership of Milton Margai was prosperous (Shaw, 276). This is because Milton Margai, the first prime minister saw leadership as a chance to serve the people, as opposed to following selfish interests. However, after his death in 1964, the new leadership of Sierra Leone, led by Albert Margai was undemocratic, corrupt, and they practiced nepotism. For example, in the 1967 elections of Sierra Leone, Albert Margai could not tolerate any person opposing his party. He used violence and threats to intimidate the opposition parties into submission (Bangura and Marda, 22). It is important to understand that due to corrupt related activities, there were riots in Sierra Leone, leading to the fall of Albert Margai. After the fall of Albert Margai, the army under Steven Sisaka carried out a coup, and installed Steven Sisaka as the new leader of Siera Leone. This was in April 1968. Sierra Leone was characterized by military coups that replaced one military leader, with another (Bangura and Marda, 41). It is important to denote that with the entry of Sisaka Steven, a military leader, Sierra Leone turned into a one party state, as opposed to the constitutional democracy it was, during the leadership of the Margais. The leadership of Sisaka Stevens saw the destruction of the parliament, and any other forms of accountability such as the judic iary and other governance institutions. The leadership style of Stevens was characterized by executions, torture, control of information, and corruption. In 1985, Major General Joseph Momoh took power from Sisaka Stevens, who opted to step down. Momoh led Sierra Leone for seven years, leading to widespread corruption, and a total collapse of the Sierra Leonean economy (Bangura and Marda, 49). Due to lack of accountability and poor leadership, the government was unable to pay the salaries of its civil workers, and important commodities like energy were very scarce in Sierra Leone. The education system also collapsed, with many youths roaming the streets of Free town idle. This also led to a brain drain, where professional of Sierra Leone fled to country, and went overseas in search of a good life. By 1991, this country was ranked as one of the poorest nations in the world, and an all out civil war broke out in Sierra Leone (Bangura and Marda, 36). On this basis, it is important to understand that due to poor leadership, Sie rra Leone the government of Sierra Leone was unable to provide services to its citizens, leading to the fall of the government under consideration. In conclusion, poor leadership is one of the main reasons as to why Sierra Leone experienced a bitter civil war, and Equatorial Guinea is lagging behind in economic, social and political development. It is important to understand that due to poor leadership, people in Sierra Leone became very poor, and they were unable to afford education and other basic needs such as food and clean water, as a result, they were lured by rebel movements to fight within its ranks. Sierra Leone learnt from this bitter civil war that took place between 1991, to the early years of 2000s. As a result, Sierra Leone is a practicing democratic country, having established good institutions of governance, for purposes of checking the executive government. On the other hand Equatorial Guinea still continues with this practice of poor governance, and this is mainly because its hasn’t experienced a change in hands in terms of governance. As a result, Equatorial Guinea is considered as one of the poor count ries of the world, with its people lacking the very basic needs. Works Cited: Bangura, Joseph J., and Marda Mustapha. Sierra Leone beyond the LomeÃÅ'  Peace Accord. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. Print. Lewis, Marvin A.. An introduction to the literature of Equatorial Guinea between colonialism and dictatorship. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2007. Print. Rotberg, Robert I.. Governance and leadership in Africa. Philadelphia: Mason Crest Publishers, 2007. Print. Shaw, Ibrahim Seaga. The politics of humanitarian intervention: a critical analogy of the British response to end the slave trade and the civil war in Sierra Leone. Journal of Global Ethics 6.3 (2010): 273-285. Print. Solo-Trillo, Eduardo. Equatorial Guinea: an Eternal Present. Journal of Conflictology 4.2 (2013): 124-159. Print.

Narrative essay Essay

Since I had started school and writing composition, I have had experiences that either was good or bad. But at the end these experience helped me through my next and future years of school and college. One of the incidents that most marked my writing experience was in sophomore year. The prompt was doing a resume for college, and I actually did or tried my best, but then again the result wasn’t so good. The resume was almost completely marked by red writings, of my grammar. All though the professor gave us many opportunities to make it right, every time I got it back it seems as if nothing had change. And it was then that I realized I haven’t had done some things right. I learned two things not to stress and always have my ideas on the same topic. Through this experience what has helped me the most in other assignments was not to over stress. When I remember back to that event, I see myself over reacting and stressing out, thinking whether that resume was making sense. I would stress so much, to the point that I would spend hours just thinking of how to start my first paragraph. When knew I should have start by thinking of my ideas, writing them in paper, and then modifying them in a paragraph. It showed me that by doing these I wrote faster my paragraphs, ending my work faster. These knowledge improve my way of writing a resume and any other type of writing work. 　　　 　Another skill these experience taught me was to never let my ideas go off topic. I remember that resume had side notes saying that my ideas were not connected and were off topic. So since that day I tried to keep my writing on the same topic . My resume didn’t make sense because I sometimes got my ideas mixed and wrote them in the wrong order. Which most of the time made my resume to not make sense. This experience also taught me to always sound myself and not try to hard using fancy words, which as a result let to paragraphs without any meaning. Some of these intellectual words were hard to find when writing and knowing what kind of audience was going to read my resume. 　　　　 In all these bad experiences as someones will say, taught me that we are not always going to have a perfect paragraph. That we need practice and patience to do our best on the writings assignments. These experience also showed me to be more confident on how I write and on what I’m trying to say. At the end either good or bad this experience taught me a lesson that I know will help me all this years to come. And after this lesson learned was something is going to be on my mind and I will know what to do on the next

Minimum Wage Argumentative Essay Topics Features

Minimum Wage Argumentative Essay Topics Features Minimum Wage Argumentative Essay Topics Explained Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. You're prepared to compose your minimum wage essay! You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points you can counter to your own points. Minimum Wage Argumentative Essay Topics - Is it a Scam? Some individuals claim that minimum wage can help to enhance the living conditions of citizens and avert poverty. Historically, minimum wage was established as a way to decrease the degree of poverty among the populace. If it is applied inconsistently then it does seem unfair to a person living in a different state with a much lower minimum wage, but we also have to give account to the cost of living in that particular state. The living wage is a rath er important issue as the minimum wage isn't set high enough for some people to keep up a normal standard of living. A gradual increase in minimum wage was seen to be beneficial though. On the flip side, there are a few drawbacks of minimum wage legislation. In 1933, the very first attempt was made to specify a national minimum wage. Most minimum wage workers have a tendency to be young. Thus, a job would be go unfilled due to the minimum wage. The raising of the national minimum wage was carried out 22 times since 1938. Opponents of the minimum wage argue that in case the factory owner is made to pay that youthful worker an artificially high minimum wage, he then will opt not to seek the services of the worker, as it won't make financial sense. Unemployment increases. For that reason, it would be difficult to single out increase in the degree of unemployment due minimum wage increase. This paper presents a summary of various problems concerning raising minimum wage, finding that it's not the perfect way to handle the issue of poverty. One of the greatest methods to make writing a research paper easier is to select a topic which you are passionate about. Attempt to find one the is somewhat related to your topic to create the project much easier to do, thus making it a great deal simpler to receive a great grade. Researching the topic will enable you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you really like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. Ok, I Think I Understand Minimum Wage Argumentative Essay Topics, Now Tell Me About Minimum Wage Argumentative Essay Topics! The most typical argument in support of the minimum wage is the fact that it protects the employees at the cheapest r ung of the socio-economic ladder. Lots of people, no matter how hard they work, have limited choices for jobs that they're qualified to carry out. In relation, they will try to divert their attention and shift to other business organizations. For instance, if a cleaning job was supposed to pay $100 hourly, many people would want the job. The Foolproof Minimum Wage Argumentative Essay Topics Strategy The minimum wage has to be raised today because the expense of living has gone up drastically. In addition, the elasticity of demand in regard to the wage rate also plays a massive portion of the effect on employment levels. It is determined by the market forces as it is considered a perfectly competitive market. Smaller amounts would also more advantageous since it will decrease long-term unemployment rates in the area. The Little-Known Secrets to Minimum Wage Argumentative Essay Topics When the amount of labor is increased in America, additional incentives for companies to e mploy foreign workers are made. The company they work for may choose to let a few of their low wage employees go to offset the rise in the expense of labor. In doing this, employees have the ability to pay for a good life. The actual value of a worker ought to be decided in the open sector. Workers are already a whole lot more productive. Employers somehow must develop the sum to pay the wage increase. They have profit margins that they must adhere to.